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Cirrhosis

Cirrhosis is defined as  liver fibrosis with replacement of normal liver architecture by nodules (i.e. hardening of liver)

Causes

  • Excessive alcohol intake
  • Hepatitis B, C
  • MAFLD Cholangitis
  • Budd chiari syndrome
  • Wilson disease
  • Hemochromatosis
  • Autoimmune disease , PBC , PSC
  • Drugs like high dose of Vitamin A , Methotrexate

Symptoms

Many patient remain asymptomatic and are diagnosed on routine test. Patients may present with symptoms such as

  • Generalized weakness
  • Blood vomiting
  • Fluid in abdomen
  • Lower limb swelling
  • Black stool
  • Decreased urine output
  • Altered behaviour

Complication of cirrhosis

  • Ascites
  • Variceal bleeding
  • HCC
  • SBP
  • Hepatic hydrothorax
  • Hepatorenal syndrome
  • Anemia

Diagnosis

  • Cirrhosis is confirmed using various investigation
  • Ultrasonography
  • Fibroscan
  • LFT
  • CT scan
  • Liver Biopsy

Treatment

  • Management of complication
  • Dietary modification
  • Diuretics and Salt restriction
  • Specific therapy for cause
  • Liver transplant